I don't know of any quantitative way to determine when the carbonation is "complete". It can take a couple of weeks for beer to be fully carbonated. You can speed it up by using a higher pressure or by agitating the keg or rolling it on the ground. I find that after a week at the calculated pressure, the beer is pretty well carbonated, but between the first week and the second the foam changes in character and the bubbles get smaller. I have heard things about the dissolved CO2 being "finer", whatever that means. I am a simple physicist and that doesn't make sense to me, but I have seen that waiting 2 weeks or longer gives a better result. Tapping too soon gives a thin head with large bubbles that disappear rapidly.
--GF